Environmental Impact of Para-Dichlorobenzene (PDCB)

Introduction to Para-Dichlorobenzene (PDCB)

Para-Dichlorobenzene (PDCB), also known as 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, is a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C₆H₄Cl₂. It is a white crystalline solid known for its strong, mothball-like odor and is primarily utilized for its deodorizing and pesticidal properties.

Environmental Persistence and Degradation

PDCB is relatively stable in the environment compared to other volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with an estimated atmospheric half-life of 14 to 31 days. In soil, it volatilizes and dissolves slowly, and once dissolved, it can reach the water table or drain into waterways where it will be diluted before volatilizing. PMC+1加拿大政府+1gost.tpsgc-pwgsc.gc.ca+1APEC WATER+1

Bioaccumulation and Ecotoxicology

PDCB tends to accumulate in plant and animal oils and fats, leading to potential bioaccumulation in the food chain. However, it is not highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and concentrations in surface waters have been found to be low. 俄勒冈州政府明尼苏达州卫生部

Regulatory Status and Risk Management

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) designated p-dichlorobenzene as a high-priority chemical in December 2019 and is currently undergoing risk evaluation. The EPA has classified 1,4-dichlorobenzene as a Group C, possible human carcinogen, based on studies showing kidney tumors in male rats and liver tumors in both sexes of mice. US EPA+1US EPA+1US EPA

Environmental Monitoring and Exposure

Sources of environmental exposure to p-dichlorobenzene include industrial emissions, incinerators, and the use of the chemical as a deodorizer and insect and animal repellent. Because of its high volatility and the dispersive nature of its uses, almost all PDCB used is expected to be released into the atmosphere. CAREX Canada

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: How does PDCB enter the environment?
A1: PDCB enters the environment through industrial emissions, incinerators, and the use of products containing PDCB, such as deodorants and insect repellents.

Q2: Is PDCB harmful to aquatic life?
A2: PDCB is not highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and concentrations in surface waters have been found to be low. 明尼苏达州卫生部

Q3: Can PDCB accumulate in the food chain?
A3: Yes, PDCB tends to accumulate in plant and animal oils and fats, leading to potential bioaccumulation in the food chain.俄勒冈州政府

Q4: What regulations exist for PDCB?
A4: The U.S. EPA has designated p-dichlorobenzene as a high-priority chemical and is currently evaluating its risks. It is also classified as a Group C, possible human carcinogen. US EPA+2US EPA+2US EPA+2

Q5: How can exposure to PDCB be minimized?
A5: Minimizing the use of products containing PDCB, ensuring proper ventilation when using such products, and following disposal guidelines can help reduce exposure.

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